Monga chipangizo chimagwiritsidwa ntchito m'munda wa mankhwala mafakitale ndi boma madzi, ntchito ya pampu yoyamwitsa iwiri zimagwirizana mwachindunji ndi mphamvu ndi chuma cha dongosolo. Potanthauzira mozama ma curve ogwira ntchitowa, ogwiritsa ntchito amatha kupanga zosankha zoyenera kuti atsimikizire kuti pampu ikugwira ntchito bwino komanso yodalirika.

Kupindika kwa mpope nthawi zambiri kumakhala ndi magawo angapo ofunikira kuti athandize ogwiritsa ntchito kumvetsetsa momwe mpope amagwirira ntchito ndikusankha pampu yoyenera. Kutengera ndi chithunzi chomwe mwapereka, titha kutanthauzira zina mwamagawo akulu ndi matanthauzo apakatikati:

1. X-axis (kuthamanga Q)

Mlingo woyenda (Q): Mzere wopingasa wa graph umayimira kuchuluka kwa mafunde mu m³/h. Nthawi zambiri, kuchuluka kwa kayendedwe ka madzi, mphamvu yotulutsa mpope imachulukirachulukira. Nthawi zambiri mbali iyi imakwera kuchokera kumanzere kupita kumanja.

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2. Y-axis (mutu H)

Mutu (H): Mzere woyima wa graph umayimira mutu mu mita (m). Mutu umasonyeza kutalika komwe pampu imatha kukweza madzi, chomwe ndi chizindikiro chofunikira choyezera mphamvu ya mpope.

3. Equi-mutu mizere

Mizere yofanana: Mizere yokhota pa chithunzi ndi mizere yofanana, yomwe ili ndi mutu wamtengo wapatali (monga 20m, 50m, etc.). Mizere iyi imayimira mutu womwe mpope ungapereke pamayendedwe osiyanasiyana.

4. Kuchita bwino zokhotakhota

Ma curve ochita bwino: Ngakhale kuti njira iliyonse yokhotakhota sinawonetsedwe mwatsatanetsatane pachithunzichi, pama graph omwe amagwirira ntchito, nthawi zambiri pamakhala mayendedwe (η) omwe amagwiritsidwa ntchito kuwonetsa mphamvu ya mpope. Ma curve awa akuwonetsa magwiridwe antchito a mpope pamlingo wofananira, womwe nthawi zambiri umawonetsedwa ngati kuchuluka. Ma graph ena amagwiritsa ntchito mitundu yosiyanasiyana kapena mitundu ya mizere kusiyanitsa.

5. Ntchito zosiyanasiyana

Mtundu wogwirira ntchito: Poyang'ana mizere yofanana mu graph, momwe magwiridwe antchito amagwirira ntchito pampu yoyamwitsa iwiri zingadziwike. Momwemo, malo ogwiritsira ntchito (msewu wothamanga ndi mutu) ayenera kukhala pakati pa mizere yamutu komanso pafupi ndi malo apamwamba kwambiri (BEP) a mzere wogwira ntchito momwe angathere.

6. Mphamvu za akavalo ndi mphamvu

Zofunikira za mphamvu: Ngakhale kuti graphyi ikuyang'ana pa chidziwitso chokhudza kuyenda ndi mutu, muzogwiritsira ntchito zenizeni, phokoso lamagetsi lingagwiritsidwenso ntchito kumvetsetsa mphamvu yolowera yomwe ikufunika kuti igwiritse ntchito mpope pamlingo wina wothamanga.

7. Zitsanzo zopindika

Ma curve amitundu yosiyanasiyana: Kutengera mtundu wa mpope ndi kapangidwe kake, padzakhala ma curve angapo ofanana amutu. Ma curve awa nthawi zambiri amakhala ndi mitundu yosiyanasiyana ya mizere kuti athandizire kusiyanitsa kwa magwiridwe antchito pamitundu yosiyanasiyana kapena mawonekedwe osiyanasiyana.

8. Milandu yapadera

Malo ogwiritsira ntchito apadera atha kuwonetsedwa mu graph kuti asonyeze mawonekedwe ogwiritsira ntchito pansi pa katundu wina kapena machitidwe a dongosolo, zomwe ndizofunikira kwambiri pakusankhidwa muzogwiritsira ntchito zamakono.

Performance curve spectrum ya nkhani yogawa pampu yoyamwa pawiri ili ndi ntchito zazikuluzikulu izi:

1. Kuunikira ntchito

Kuthamanga kwachangu ndi ubale wamutu: Mzerewu ukhoza kusonyeza mwachidwi mgwirizano pakati pa kuthamanga kwa kuthamanga ndi mutu, kuthandiza ogwiritsa ntchito kumvetsetsa mphamvu yogwiritsira ntchito mpope pansi pa katundu wosiyanasiyana.

2. Kusanthula kwachangu

Chizindikiritso cha malo abwino kwambiri (BEP): Malo abwino kwambiri ogwiritsira ntchito nthawi zambiri amalembedwa pa graph, ndipo ogwiritsa ntchito angagwiritse ntchito mfundoyi kuti asankhe njira yogwiritsira ntchito mpope kuti akwaniritse mphamvu zowonjezera mphamvu komanso chuma.

3. Kufanana kwadongosolo

Katundu wofananira: Kuphatikizidwa ndi zosowa za dongosololi, zimalola ogwiritsa ntchito kupeza mtundu wapampu woyenera pakugwiritsa ntchito kwawo (monga madzi, ulimi wothirira, mafakitale, ndi zina).

4. Kusankha pampu

Kufananiza ndi kusankha: Ogwiritsa ntchito amatha kufananiza mitundu yosiyanasiyana ya mapampu kudzera m'mapindidwe ogwirira ntchito kuti asankhe mpope womwe umagwira bwino ntchito.

5. Chitetezo cha ntchito

Pewani cavitation: Mzerewu ungathandizenso kuyesa kutalika kwa suction suction (NPSH), kuthandizira kupewa cavitation ndi mavuto ena, komanso kupititsa patsogolo ntchito yotetezeka ya mpope.

6. Zofuna mphamvu

Kuwerengera mphamvu: Kuwonetsa mphamvu zolowera zomwe zimafunikira pamitengo yosiyana, zomwe zimalola ogwiritsa ntchito kupanga bajeti yamagetsi ndi kapangidwe kake.

7. Kutumiza ndi kukonza malangizo

Kuthetsa mavuto: Poyerekeza ndi curve yogwira ntchito, ogwira ntchito ndi osamalira amatha kudziwa mwamsanga ngati pampu ikugwira ntchito bwino, komanso ngati pali zolakwika kapena kuchepetsa kuchepetsa.

8. Kukhathamiritsa kwadongosolo

Kuwongolera kolondola: Kupyolera mumayendedwe opangira, ogwiritsa ntchito amatha kukhathamiritsa kapangidwe kake kuti awonetsetse kuti mpopeyo ili bwino kwambiri.

Kutsiliza

Mawonekedwe a curve spectrum ndi chida chofunikira kwambiri chomwe sichimangothandiza ogwiritsa ntchito kumvetsetsa bwino momwe magwiridwe antchito a pampu yogawanitsa kawiri, komanso imapereka maziko ofunikira pakukonza dongosolo ndi kukhathamiritsa kwa magwiridwe antchito. Mwa kusanthula mwasayansi ndi mwanzeru ndikugwiritsa ntchito ma curve awa, ogwiritsa ntchito sangangosankha mtundu wa pampu wabwino kwambiri, komanso kukulitsa mphamvu zamagetsi, kuchepetsa ndalama zokonzera, ndikuwonjezera moyo wautumiki wa zida panthawi yogwira ntchito.