yopingasa nkhani yogawa mapampu amapangidwa kuti apititse patsogolo kuyenda bwino kwa mapampu. Amagwiritsidwa ntchito kwambiri posungira madzi, mphamvu ya hydropower, kuteteza moto, makampani opanga mankhwala ndi mafakitale ena, makamaka oyenera kuyenda kwakukulu ndi zochitika zapamutu.

ntchito Mfundo

Mfundo yogwirira ntchito ya mapampu ogawaniza ndi ofanana ndi mapampu amodzi oyamwa. Onse amagwiritsa ntchito mphamvu ya centrifugal kuyamwa madzi mu mpope kuchokera kumadzi olowera ndikutulutsa madziwo kudzera mu kuzungulira kwa chopondera. Komabe, mbali yaikulu ya mapampu ndi yakuti ma impellers awo awiri nthawi imodzi amayamwa madzi kuchokera kumbali zonse za mpope, potero amagwirizanitsa mphamvu ya axial, kuchepetsa kuvala kwa mayendedwe ndi kukulitsa moyo wautumiki wa mpope.

Main Features

Kuthamanga kwakukulu: mapampu ndi othamanga kwambiri ndipo ndi oyenera nthawi zazikulu zoperekera maulendo.

Mphamvu ya Axial: Chifukwa cha mapangidwe a kuyamwa kawiri, mphamvu ya axial ya mpope imakhala yokhazikika, motero kuchepetsa kulemetsa kwa zisindikizo zamakina ndi mayendedwe.

Kuchita bwino kwambiri: Mapangidwe ndi mapangidwe a pompu amapangitsa kuti igwire bwino ntchito ndipo imatha kuchepetsa kuchepa kwa mphamvu.

Phokoso lochepa: Chifukwa cha kapangidwe kake, mpope umatulutsa phokoso lochepa pogwira ntchito.

Kukonza kosavuta: Mapangidwe a pampu amapangitsa kuti kuphatikizika ndi kukonza kukhala kosavuta, koyenera kukonzanso pafupipafupi pakupanga mafakitale.

Mapampu ogawaniza opingasa akhala akugwiritsidwa ntchito kwambiri m'mafakitale ambiri chifukwa chakuchita bwino komanso kusinthasintha. Zotsatirazi ndizomwe zimagwiritsidwa ntchito m'magawo osiyanasiyana:

1.Ntchito zosungira madzi

Pampu zopingasa zogawanika zimagwira ntchito yofunikira popereka madzi ndi ngalande m'ntchito zosunga madzi. Zochitika zazikulu zogwiritsira ntchito ndizo:

Njira yothirira: Pa ulimi wothirira, mapampu amagwiritsidwa ntchito kunyamula madzi m'mitsinje, m'nyanja kapena m'madamu kuti akwaniritse zofunikira za ulimi wothirira.

Ngalande za kusefukira kwa madzi ndi kusefukira kwa madzi: M'makina otengera madzi m'tauni, mapampu ang'onoang'ono amatha kuthandizira kuchotsa madzi amvula mwachangu ndi zimbudzi, kuchepetsa chiwopsezo cha kusefukira kwamadzi m'mizinda, komanso kukonza bwino ngalande.

Makina osungira madzi: amagwiritsidwa ntchito polowera madzi, potulutsira ndi kutumiza malo osungiramo madzi kuti awonetsetse kuti madzi agawidwa bwino.

2.Kutulutsa mphamvu zotentha

M'mafakitale opangira magetsi otentha, mapampu agawidwe amakhalanso ndi gawo lofunikira, makamaka kuphatikiza:

Dongosolo lamadzi lozungulira: kunyamula madzi ozizira kupita ku ma boiler ozizira ndi seti ya jenereta kuti muwonetsetse kuti zikuyenda bwino komanso chitetezo cha zida zopangira magetsi.

Pampu yamadzi yodzaza: M'makina otentha, mapampu amagwiritsidwa ntchito kunyamula madzi otentha kwambiri komanso opanikizika kwambiri kuti apititse patsogolo mphamvu zamagetsi.

Mayendetsedwe a phulusa lonyowa: Amagwiritsidwa ntchito kunyamula phulusa lonyowa ndi zinyalala zina kuti magetsi azikhala aukhondo komanso osasamalira chilengedwe.

3. Chemical industry

Pampu zopingasa zopingasa zimagwiritsidwa ntchito makamaka m'munda wamankhwala kunyamula zakumwa zama mankhwala osiyanasiyana, ndipo ntchito zawo zikuphatikiza:

Mayendedwe azinthu zopangira: Amagwiritsidwa ntchito kunyamula zinthu zopangira mankhwala, zosungunulira ndi zowonjezera kuti zitsimikizire kupitilira kwa mzere wopanga.

Kuchiza kwamadzi otayira: Pochiza zimbudzi ndi kutulutsa zinyalala zamadzimadzi, pampu imatha kuthana ndi zakumwa zotayira zamitundu yosiyanasiyana ndikuchepetsa kuipitsidwa kwa chilengedwe.

Madzi amadzimadzi a riyakitala:Mumachitidwe amankhwala, madzi amayenera kutengedwa kupita ku riyakitala kuti achite, mpope amatha kukwaniritsa izi ndikuchita bwino kwambiri.

4.Makampani amafuta ndi gasi

Panthawi yochotsa ndi kuyeretsa mafuta ndi gasi, kugwiritsa ntchito mapampu ogawanika kumakhala kodziwika kwambiri:

Mayendedwe amafuta osakanizidwa: mapampu amagwiritsidwa ntchito ponyamula ndi kutumiza mafuta osapsa kuti apititse patsogolo kusonkhanitsa ndi kuyendetsa bwino kwamafuta.

Njira yoyenga: M'malo oyeretsera, mapampu amagwiritsidwa ntchito kunyamula zinthu zosiyanasiyana zamafuta monga mafuta, dizilo ndi mafuta opaka mafuta.

5.Manufacturing Industry

Kugwiritsiridwa ntchito kwa mapampu ogawanika m'makampani opanga zinthu kumakhudza mbali zambiri:

Kuziziritsa ndi mafuta: Popanga makina, mapampu amagwiritsidwa ntchito kuziziritsa ndi kuthira mafuta zida kuti zipititse patsogolo moyo wautumiki komanso kukhazikika kwa zida zopangira.

Njira zoyendera zamadzimadzi: Munjira zosiyanasiyana zopangira, mapampu amakhala ndi udindo wopereka zakumwa zomwe zimafunikira kuti zipangidwe, monga madzi, mafuta ndi zakumwa zama mankhwala.

6.Kupereka madzi ndi dongosolo lozimitsa moto

Madzi a m'tauni: mapampu ogawanitsa amagwiritsidwa ntchito kutumizira madzi apampopi m'makina operekera madzi akutawuni kuti awonetsetse zosowa zamadzi za anthu okhala m'tauni.

Njira yozimitsa moto: M'malo ozimitsa moto, mapampu amapereka madzi othamanga kwambiri, amathandiza bwino ntchito yozimitsa moto, ndikuwonetsetsa chitetezo cha mizinda ndi mafakitale.

7.Chitetezo cha chilengedwe ndi chithandizo cha zimbudzi

Pankhani yachitetezo cha chilengedwe komanso kuchimbudzi, kugwiritsa ntchito mapampu agawanika ndikofunikira kwambiri:

Malo oyeretsera zimbudzi: Amagwiritsidwa ntchito poyeretsa zimbudzi zam'tawuni ndi madzi otayira m'mafakitale, amathandizira kubwezeretsanso zinthu komanso kuchepetsa kuipitsidwa.

Mayendetsedwe amadzi anyansi: Kutumiza bwino madzi otayidwa oyeretsedwa kapena osatsukidwa kuti awachiritse kapena kuwatulutsa.